With the rapid development of science and technology and social production, mechanical products are becoming more and more complex, and society has put forward higher and higher requirements for the quality and productivity of mechanical products. In order to solve the technical problems, a flexible, universal, high-precision, high-efficiency "flexible" automatic production equipment - CNC machine tools came into being in this situation.

Compared with traditional machine tools, CNC machine tools have the following characteristics:

• It is highly flexible. Machining parts on CNC machine tools is different from ordinary machine tools, it does not have to manufacture and replace many tools and fixtures, and it does not need to adjust the machine tool frequently. CNC machine tools are suitable for occasions where parts are frequently replaced, that is, suitable for single-piece, small batch production and new product development, which shortens the production cycle and saves a lot of process equipment costs.

• High machining accuracy. The machining accuracy of CNC machine tools can generally reach between 0.005 and 0.1 mm. The CNC machine tool is controlled in the form of digital signals. Each time the CNC device outputs a pulse signal, the moving parts of the machine tool move by one pulse equivalent (usually 0.001mm), and the average error between the backlash of the machine tool feed transmission chain and the lead screw pitch can be determined by The numerical control device performs compensation, so the positioning accuracy of the numerical control machine tool is relatively high.

• The processing quality is stable and reliable. In the same machine tool, the same batch of parts is processed, under the same processing conditions, using the same tool and processing program, the tool travel path is exactly the same, the consistency of the parts is good, and the quality is stable.

• High production efficiency.CNC machine tools can effectively reduce the processing time and auxiliary time of parts. The spindle speed and feed range of CNC machine tools are large, allowing the machine tool to perform powerful cutting with a large amount of cutting. CNC machine tools are now entering the era of high-speed machining. The rapid movement and positioning of CNC machine tool moving parts and high-speed cutting have greatly improved production efficiency. Continuous processing reduces the turnaround time of semi-finished products and improves production efficiency.

• Improve working conditions. After inputting the program and starting the machine tool before CNC machining, the machining can be automatically and continuously performed until the end of the machining. The operator is mainly engaged in program input, program editing, loading and unloading parts, preparing tools, observing processing status, inspecting parts, etc. The labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the content of labor focuses on intellectual work. In addition, machine tools are generally closed processing, which is both clean and safe.

• Conducive to the modernization of production management. The processing of CNC machine tools can accurately grasp the processing time in advance, and the tools and fixtures used can be standardized and modernized. CNC machine tools use digital signals and standard codes as control information, which is easy to standardize processing information. It is organically combined with computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and becomes the basis of modern manufacturing technology.

The difference between CNC machine tools and ordinary equipment

CNC machine tools.

• The operator can master the operation and processing skills in a short time.
• High machining accuracy and stable quality, less dependent on the skill level of the operator.
• It takes a lot of time to make a program.
• The machining parts are highly complex and suitable for multi-process machining.
• It is easy to standardize processing technology and standardize tool management.
• Suitable for computer-aided production control.
• Suitable for long-term unmanned operation and processing automation.
• High productivity.

Ordinary equipment.

• The operator is required to have long-term practical experience.
• High-quality, high-precision machining requires operators to have a high level of skill.
• Suitable for processing products with simple shapes and single processes.
• The processing process requires skilled technology and skills.
• The operator completes the processing in his way, and the processing methods are various, so it is difficult to achieve standardization.
• It is difficult to improve the specialized technology of processing, which is not conducive to the systematization and popularization of knowledge.
• Low productivity and unstable quality.

Conclusion

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